The Bjerksund-Stensland model is a key method for pricing American options. It helps investors determine optimal times for exercising options with dividends considered.

Abstract: Due to the inherent complexity of modern polymer extrusion lines caused by nonlinear, dynamic behavior with numerous influential factors, disturbances lead to higher scrap rates and ...

Abstract: Significant improvements in patient involvement and medical diagnosis have resulted from the use of AI in healthcare. This paper introduces a transformer-based medical chatbot that uses ...