How a point spread works in sports betting

The point spread is the foundational concept of modern American sports betting. It is the number that balances two teams and creates an even betting market.
IEEE

Optimal Loop Shaping and Disturbance Rejection Beyond the Nyquist Frequency using a Forward Model Disturbance Observer and Convex Optimization Based Filter Design

Abstract: Loop shaping based on the disturbance observer (DOB) offers great flexibility in designing a control system's closed-loop sensitivity to external disturbances and noises. While it is well ...
IEEE

A Data-Driven Closed-Loop System Identification Approach Using Canonical Correlation Analysis

Abstract: In this paper, a data-driven closed-loop system identification approach using canonical correlation analysis (CCA) is proposed. Based on the subspace identification methods (SIM), an ...