Cells have sophisticated methods of sensing stimuli and communicating with nearby cells in response to these stimuli. For example, macrophages can sense environmental stimuli—tissue damage, foreign ...

Cytokines are small, secreted proteins that transmit messages between cells and members of this superfamily include chemokines, growth factors, interleukins, interferons, colony stimulating factors, ...

Microglial cells, the primary immune cells of the brain and central nervous system, are known to undergo striking morphological changes in response to sensory or neural stimuli. However, the ...

People often get immunotherapy as a treatment for cancer. These immunotherapy treatments can be effective, but they may cause your immune system to have an unnatural response. Your body, as a result ...

Cytokines and their kin, alternatively called interleukins, growth factors, interferons, necrosis factors, and others, are soluble messengers responsible for communication between nearby cells, ...

Researchers have discovered a novel treatment to relieve cytokine release syndrome (CRS), a life-threatening inflammation triggered by a serious infection or severe burn. Treatment with a short-acting ...

Structural equivalence is demonstrated through the comparison of a synthetic multinuclear metal complex (left) versus the designer enzyme in this report (right). A collaborative research team led by ...

Sanofi’s work with engineered cytokines has stumbled in the clinic, but the company isn’t throwing in the towel yet on such therapies, which hold potential for treating autoimmune diseases and cancer.

Cytokines are small proteins that enable cells to communicate with each other, particularly to modulate the immune system—an increasingly popular target in drug development for immunology, virology, ...

Psoriasis causes your body to make new skin cells too quickly. These cells tend to pile up and form spots, bumps, and thick scaly patches called plaques that can be uncomfortable. Scientists think ...